This was the fifth-highest total of lynchings of any county in the Southern United States. Most murders had taken place around the turn of the 20th century. According to a 2015 report by the Equal Justice Initiative, from 1877 to 1950, a total of 37 Black people were documented as lynched in that parish. Monroe is located in Louisiana's Ouachita Parish, which has had a history of violence against Black people since the Reconstruction era. His parents named him after Huey Long, former governor of Louisiana. Newton was born in Monroe, Louisiana in 1942 during World War II, the youngest child of Armelia Johnson and Walter Newton, a sharecropper and Baptist preacher. Biography Early life and education Newton's senior year yearbook photo, 1959 Newton was known for being an advocate of self-defense and used his position as a leader within the Black Panther Party to welcome women and LGBT people into the party, holding the belief that homosexuals "might be the most oppressed people". In 1989, he was murdered in Oakland, California by Tyrone Robinson, a member of the Black Guerrilla Family. He went on to earn a PhD in social philosophy from the University of California at Santa Cruz's History of Consciousness program in 1980. ![]() Newton learned to read using Plato's Republic, which influenced his philosophy of activism. Later in life, he was also accused of murdering Kathleen Smith and Betty Patter, although he was never convicted for either death. In May 1970, the conviction was reversed and after two subsequent trials ended in hung juries, the charges were dropped. In 1968, he was convicted of voluntary manslaughter for Frey's death and sentenced to 2 to 15 years in prison. In 1967, he was involved in a shootout which led to the death of police officer John Frey and injuries to himself and another police officer. ![]() Newton also co-founded the Black Panther newspaper service, which became one of America's most widely distributed African-American newspapers. ![]() The most famous of these programs was the Free Breakfast for Children program which fed thousands of impoverished children daily during the early 1970s. Under Newton's leadership, the Black Panther Party founded over 60 community support programs (renamed survival programs in 1971) including food banks, medical clinics, sickle cell anemia tests, prison busing for families of inmates, legal advice seminars, clothing banks, housing cooperatives, and their own ambulance service. Newton crafted the Party's ten-point manifesto with Bobby Seale in 1966. Newton was most notable for being founder of the Black Panther Party where he operated the organization as the Huey Percy Newton (Febru– August 22, 1989) was an African-American revolutionary and political activist.
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